The design of the Spanish cannon meant that they could only fire over short distances and were slow to re-load. The English ships had cannon they could fire at a safe distance and could be reloaded quickly. Spanish ships were slower and less equipped for the bad weather than the English ships. Spanish tactics were to get close enough to English ships to board them, whereas the English tactic was to attack from a safe distance.
The Spanish plan relied on stopping to pick up the Duke of Parma’s army to boost their numbers, but the fleet was unable to anchor and so never picked them up. The strength of the Spanish fleet came from its crescent formation plan – but when the English broke this up with their fire ships, the Spanish became vulnerable and exposed to attack. The Duke of Medina Sidonia led the Spanish fleet, but he was inexperienced in naval battle and so made some fatal errors in his planning and tactics. Robert Hutchinson, Historian - BBC History Magazineīad weather was certainly one factor that contributed to the Spanish defeat, but there were other factors too.
Quote It was bad luck, bad tactics and bad weather that defeated the Spanish Armada.
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